World's fairs were the 19th century's version of the internet—where millions saw electricity, steam engines, and telephones for the first time
The 1851 Crystal Palace exhibition in London established the template: 18 acres of glass housing 14,000 exhibits designed to "knock people's socks off"
What began as trade fairs for industrial looms evolved into nationalist theater, with Paris hosting eight exhibitions between 1855 and 1937 to project imperial power
Short Stuff: Johnny Ringo
Mar 4, 2026
Johnny Ringo's violent career as an Old West gunslinger began after he watched his father accidentally blow his own head off at age 14
Found dead against a tree in 1882 with a pistol in his hand, Ringo was likely a suicide, not a victim of Doc Holliday as Hollywood claims
Doc Holliday's own lover described Ringo as a tragic gentleman who "never boasted" and fought only face to face
The Gold Standard: When Money Meant Something
Mar 3, 2026
The gold standard required governments to hold gold reserves equal to every dollar in circulation, creating price stability but removing the ability to print money for crises or wars.
Gold bugs still demand a return to metal-backed currency, but as Josh Clark notes, "that train has left the station"—the global economy has permanently shifted to fiat monetary policy.
Fixed government ratios between gold and silver (like the U.S. 15-to-1 standard) collapsed whenever new mines opened, proving that commodity-backed currency cannot withstand market reality.